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Medications not in widespread use
The medications listed in this section have been studied in clinical trials for eczema, but they are either not yet approved, may never be approved or are approved for uses other than eczema. Many have only been studied in adults. They are not currently in widespread use for eczema. Clinical trials are a protocol to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of medications. Drugs listed below may not be available to the public for several years, if ever.
Abrocitinib
Abrocitinib is an oral (pill) medication in a class known as Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors. It is included in our analysis based phase 2 and 3 clinical trials.
Apremilast
Apremilast is an oral (pill) medication that inhibits phosphodiesterase (PDE)-4. It is approved to treat psoriasis, but not eczema. It is included in our analysis based on one phase 2 clinical trial.
Baricitinib
Baricitinib is an oral (pill) medication in a class known as Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors. It is approved to treat arthritis and in some jurisdictions is now approved for eczema. It is included in our analysis based on phase 2 and 3 clinical trials.
Fevipiprant
Fevipiprant is an oral (pill) medication that blocks prostaglandin D2 receptor 2. It is included in our analysis based on one clinical trial published only in a clinical trials registry.
Fezakinumab
Fezakinumab is an injectable medication (biologic) that blocks Interleukin (IL)-22. It is included in our analysis based on one phase 2 clinical trial.
GBR 830
GBR 830 is an injectable medication (biologic) that blocks OX40. It is included in our analysis based on one phase 2 clinical trial.
Interferon gamma
Interferon gamma is an injectable medication that works by modifying the immune system. It is used in a number of different areas of medicine, but is not approved to treat eczema. It is included in our analysis based on two clinical trials.
IVIG
Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) is given intravenously. It is used in a number of different areas of medicine, but is not approved to treat eczema. It is included in our analysis based on two clinical trials.
Lebrikizumab
Lebrikizumab is an injectable medication (biologic) that blocks Interleukin (IL)-13. It is included in our analysis based on two clinical trials.
Nemolizumab
Nemolizumab is an injectable medication (biologic) that blocks Interleukin (IL)-31. It is included in our analysis based on phase 2 and 3 clinical trials.
Omalizumab
Omalizumab is an injectable medication (biologic) that blocks a molecule that is important for allergies called IgE. It is approved to treat urticaria (hives), but not eczema. It is included in our analysis based on two clinical trials.
Tezepelumab
Tezepelumab is an injectable medication (biologic) that blocks Thymic Stromal Lymphoprotein (TSLP). It is included in our analysis based on one phase 2 clinical trial.
Tralokinumab
Tralokinumab is an injectable medication (biologic) that blocks Interleukin (IL)-13. It is included in our analysis based on phase 2 and 3 clinical trials.
Upadacitinib
Upadacitinib is an oral (pill) medication in a class known as Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors. It is approved to treat arthritis, but not eczema. It is included in our analysis based on one phase 2 clinical trial.
Ustekinumab
Ustekinumab is an injectable medication (biologic) that blocks the interleukin 12/23 pathway. It is approved for use in psoriasis and other conditions, but not eczema. It is included in our review based on 2 clinical trials.
ZPL-3893787
ZPL-3893787 is an oral (pill) antihistamine medication. It is different from other antihistamines because it blocks a specific receptor called H4. It is included in our analysis based on a phase 2 clinical trial.